Tuesday, March 12, 2013

Graded List of LDS Hymns for Piano Students

This does not have anything to do with Gospel Doctrine class, but since I have been trying to find a list of hymns in graduated difficulty unsuccessfully for quite some time, I finally made one myself for my piano students.  I've worked on this for several years, and think I have it pretty well leveled.  Then I thought I'd just put it out there for other parents of budding pianists, ward pianists or piano teachers to use.  I don't really know where else to share it.  Maybe Google can find it here for the next person looking.  If anyone knows of a better place to post it, let me know.  In the meantime, share with anybody you think might use it.

(I hold the copyright on this photo of my daughter)

The Music Reading Levels are using a scale of 1-10, with 1 being a brand-new beginner student and 10 being a college piano major.  So the Beginner Hymns would possibly suit a diligent 4th-year student.  For lower levels, check out my list for the Hymns Made Easy at this link.

You can download all the hymns from lds.org. On lds.org, choose "Resources" at the top of the page. Then choose "Library at the upper left. Then all the hymnbooks appear. I have linked them directly below.


Here is my guide to learning ten of the Hymns Made Easy:

Here is a link for the regular hymns that go with my guide you already found.

​If you are a beginning piano student, you may want to start with the Keyboard Course, which has even easier hymns than the "Hymns Made Easy."
25 Beginner Hymns
(Music Reading Level 4-5 US, Grade 3-4 UK)
 These hymns are in easy keys, have few hand position changes, fairly simple rhythms, few accidentals, and slow to moderate tempos.
142
Sweet Hour of Prayer
302
I Know My Father Lives
116
Come, Follow Me
309
As Sisters in Zion
239
Choose the Right
152
God Be With you Till We Meet Again
38
Come, All Ye Saints of Zion
106
God Speed the Right
294
Love at Home
92
For the Beauty of the Earth
144
Secret Prayer
306
God’s Daily Care (As I Watch the Rising Sun)
3
Now Let Us Rejoice
304
Teach Me to Walk in the Light
19
We Thank Thee, O God, For a Prophet
301
I Am a Child of God
241
Count Your Blessings
131
More Holiness Give Me
100
Nearer, My God, To Thee
98
I Need Thee Every Hour
125
How Gentle God’s Commands
339
My Country, ‘Tis of Thee
67
Glory to God on High
94
Come, Ye Thankful People
204
Silent Night
 
25 Intermediate Hymns
(Music Reading Levels 5-6 US, Grade 4-5 UK)
These hymns have more hand position changes, trickier rhythms, more accidentals, bigger jumps, and/or faster tempos.
 
136
I Know That My Redeemer Lives
249
Called to Serve
338
America the Beautiful
105
Master, the Tempest is Raging
199
He Is Risen
243
Let Us All Press On
308
Love One Another
97
Lead, Kindly Light
14
Sweet is the Peace the Gospel Brings
108
The Lord is My Shepherd
30
Come, Come, Ye Saints
237
Do What is Right
89
The Lord Is My Light
7
Israel, Israel, God is Calling
206
Away in a Manger
23
We Ever Pray For Thee
113
Our Savior’s Love
21
Come, Listen to a Prophet’s Voice
96
Dearest Children, God is Near You
259
Hope of Israel
26
Joseph Smith’s First Prayer
219
Because I Have Been Given Much
193
I Stand All Amazed
85
How Firm a Foundation
319
Ye Elders of Israel
  
25 Advanced Hymns
(Music Reading Level 7-8 US, Grade 6 UK) 
These hymns are fast, have lots of big jumps, require the right hand to play three parts, have challenging rhythms and keys, accidentals, and/or parts that move at different rates.
 
5
High on the Mountain Top
227
There is Sunshine in My Soul Today
292
O My Father
298
Home Can Be a heaven on Earth
246
Onward, Christian Soldiers
134
I Believe in Christ
29
A Poor Wayfaring Man of Grief
264
Hark, All Ye Nations!
2
The Spirit of God
335
Brightly Beams Our Father’s Mercy
60
Battle Hymn of the Republic
27
Praise to the Man
     255 Carry On
86
How Great Thou Art
52
The Day Dawn is Breaking
64
On This Day of Joy and Gladness
200
Christ the Lord is Risen Today
78
God of Our Fathers, Whose Almighty Hand
220
Lord, I Would Follow Thee
35
For the Strength of the Hills
263
Go Forth With Faith
203
Angels We Have Heard on High
340
The Star-Spangled Banner
256
As Zion’s Youth in Latter Days
254
True to the Faith

Saturday, February 2, 2013

Doctrine and Covenants Lesson #7 The First Principles and Ordinances of the Gospel



PREPARATION:  Four bags filled with ordinary household items, such as glue, pencil, swim goggles, matches, Lifesavers, etc.  The following Gospel Cycle diagram made on individual pieces of poster board (any colors are okay).  Display the cycle on the board and refer to it throughout the lesson.


CHURCH HISTORY
(Note from 2017: When I originally published this blog post, I was fascinated by the story of Samuel and Mary Smith, which most Latter-day Saints are not well familiar with. Now, however, I think I might not use it in a lesson because it's so seriously depressing. I leave it here for you to use or not, as you decide.)


Faith in the Lord Jesus Christ
Samuel Smith came from New York to Pennsylvania to see his older brother Joseph along with Oliver Cowdery in 1829. Joseph was there working on the translation of the Book of Mormon because it was unsafe for him to remain in New York, due to mob violence over the golden plates.  Samuel was 21 years old (3 years younger than Joseph) and unmarried. He was not yet a member of the Church. In fact, there was no Church yet as the Restoration was in its infancy. Samuel was not yet convinced that his brother was a prophet called to translate the gold plates and restore the true church upon the earth.

“We informed him of what the Lord was about to do for the children of men, and began to reason with him out of the Bible.  We also showed him that part of the work which we had translated, and labored to persuade him concerning the Gospel of Jesus Christ, which was now about to be revealed in its fullness.  He was not, however, very easily persuaded of these things, but after much inquiry and explanation he retired to the woods, in order that by secret and fervent prayer he might obtain of a merciful God, wisdom to enable him to judge for himself.  The result was that he obtained revelation for himself sufficient to convince him of the truth of our assertions to him…” (HC 1:44)

Lucy Mack Smith’s relation of the story:

“One morning [it was Friday, May 15, 1829], [Joseph and Oliver] sat down to their usual work, when the first thing that presented itself to Joseph was a commandment from God that he and Oliver should repair to the water and each of them be baptized.  They immediately went down to the Susquehanna River and obeyed the mandate given them through the Urim and Thummim.  As they were on their return to the house, they overheard Samuel, in a secluded spot, engaged in secret prayer.  They had now received the authority to baptize, and Joseph said that he considered it a sufficient testimony of Samuel’s honesty of heart and zeal for religion that they had found him privately bowing before the Lord in prayer, and he thought it was an evidence of readiness for baptism.”

Repentance

There are no specifics recorded about Samuel’s praying for repentance, but certainly he did so or he would not have been baptized or remained faithful.

Baptism

Samuel Smith was the third person baptized in this dispensation, preceded only by his older brother Joseph, and Oliver Cowdery.  Although Lucy recorded that they immediately baptized him, that very day, Joseph recorded that it was ten days later:

“…on the twenty-fifth day of that same month [May] in which we had been baptized and ordained, Oliver Cowdery baptized him; and he returned to his father’s house [in New York], greatly glorifying and praising God, being filled with the Holy Spirit.” (HC 1:44)

Laying on of Hands for the Gift of the Holy Ghost
Samuel is thought to have been one of the first six members of the Church, present at its organization on April 6, 1830.  In the 1839 draft of Joseph’s history, he recorded this about that day:

“We had received commandment to organize the Church, and accordingly we met together…and proceeded as follows at the house of…Mr. Whitmer—Having opened the meeting by solemn prayer to our Heavenly Father…I proceeded to lay my hands upon Oliver Cowdery and ordained him an Elder of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, after which he ordained me…We then took bread, blessed it, and brake it with them; also wine, blessed it, and drank it with them.  We then laid our hands on each individual member of the Church present, to confirm them members of the Church of Jesus Christ, and that they might receive the Holy Ghost, when immediately the Holy Ghost was poured out upon us all.”  (Quoted in History of Joseph Smith, edited by Proctor, p.228)

Enduring to the End

Four years later (1834), Samuel was married to Mary Bailey.  She had been a member of the Church for two years.  Their life together was filled with nothing but trial.

In January 1836 they moved to Missouri with their tiny baby, Susanna, where they were subjected to mob violence.

“[Mary was] taken by the mob from her house (they took her by picking up the feather bed and carried her with her babe out into the sleet and rain and placed the bed on the ground).  [They then] burned the house down to the ground.” (Letter to her granddaughter, quoted in Who’s Who in the D&C, p.296)

She never fully recovered from the persecution and it was said that “she never spoke above a whisper” following the experience.  (Interview with her granddaughter, ibid.)

In 1838, when the Saints were driven from Ohio, Samuel and Mary had a two-year-old, Susanna, a one-year-old, Mary, and Mary (the mother) was expecting another baby in two months.  They settled in Marrowbone, which was 30 miles from Far West, where his parents settled, and Mary gave birth.  When this baby boy was three days old, Samuel was away from home when “A number of the men who lived near him went to his wife and told her that the mob was coming there to drive all the Mormons from the country into Far West and perhaps they would kill them.  They accordingly advised her to go immediately into Far West at all hazards and proffered to find her a wagon and a boy to drive the horses.  She consented and they brought an open lumber wagon and put her into it on a bed with a very little clothing for herself and her children.  In this way, she started for Far West with no one but a small boy to take care of her, the children and the team, and nothing to eat by the way.  When they had traveled for some miles they stopped for the night, and in the latter part of the night it began to rain.  The water fell upon her in torrents, for she had no shelter for herself or her infant.  The bedding was soon completely saturated as the rain continued falling for some time with great violence.

“The next day Samuel started from Far West to go to his own house, but met his wife along the way in this situation.  He returned with her to Far West, where she arrived about 36 hours after she had left Marrowbone without having taken any nourishment.  Every garment upon her body, as well as her bed and bedding, was so wet with the rain that the water might have been wrung from them.  She was speechless and almost stiff with the cold and effects of her exposure.  We laid her on a bed, and my husband and my sons administered to her by the laying on of hands.  We then changed her clothing, put her into a bed covered with warm blankets, and after pouring a little rice water into her mouth, she was administered to again.  This time she raised her eyes and seemed to revive a little.”  (Lucy Mack Smith, HJS Revised, p.365)

Mary had one more child in January of 1841, which they named Lucy, and within the month Mary died.  She was 32 years old.  The blame was placed upon the health complications caused by the mob violence she had endured.  (HJS Revised, p.332)

“In 1844 the events that led to the martyrdom of Samuel’s brothers impacted his own life.  When he learned of the imprisonment of his brothers in Carthage, he attempted to aid them.  He was met by a mob who intercepted him and prevented his traveling to Carthage.  He returned home and purchased a horse noted for its speed, and rode toward Carthage again.  As he neared the town for the second time, he learned that his brothers were dead.  His daughter…wrote, “The terrible shock was too much for him, and for an instant he reeled in his saddle and they expected him to fall.…He steadied himself, saying,
‘God help me!  I must go to them.’”

“The mob hid in a thicket, and as they saw him approach they gave chase.  Samuel managed to stay out of range of their bullets and arrived in Carthage.

“The next day he escorted the bodies of his brothers back to Nauvoo.  After Mother Smith had viewed the bodies and retired to her room, Samuel said to her, “Mother, I have had a dreadful distress in my side ever since I was chased by the mob, and I think I have received some injury which is going to make me sick.”  He suffered from bilious fever (what sounds like liver infection), [and died thirty-three days after his brothers were killed] on July 30, 1844, at the age of 36.  His obituary stated, ‘If ever there lived a good man upon the earth, Samuel H. Smith was that person.”  (Who’s Who in the D&C, pp.296-7)

DOCTRINAL DISCUSSION/OBJECT LESSONS
Now discuss how these gospel principles and ordinances affect our lives, as well as our eternal salvation. 

  • Galations 5:22 (Fruit of Spirit)
  • Mosiah 4 discusses the elements of the Gospel Cycle
  • 2 Nephi 31:13, 20-21 (endure to the end)
  • 3 Nephi 27 27:15-16,19-20

 When we receive the ordinances, the Gift of the Holy Ghost further strengthens our faith.  What makes the cycle continue and even spiral upward in increased spiritual development (what turns the wheel) is enduring to the end.  As we keep our covenants, the confirmation of the Spirit and its validating joy and peace further increases our faith.

Divide class into four groups.  Give each group one of the circles from the gospel cycle diagram and one of the bags.  Assign them to brainstorm ways that they could teach about their principle or ordinance using the items in their bag (can use Bible Dictionary if they like).  Give them time to share their ideas.  As they do, post each arrow on the board.

Here is what my class came up with, in case you need ideas:

Faith

  • Empty bag – Everything in the room could be put in this bag as an example of faith.
  • Flashlight – Faith requires some effort on our part to turn it on and find Christ, the Light.
  • Matches – The Spirit of God is like a fire.
  • Ball of yarn – Faith is the first string in the Gospel.
  • Battery – Faith has power even though you can’t see the power.

Repentance

  • Screwdriver – Sometimes we mess up and poke holes in our lives.
  • Glue – Through repentance, the Lord helps us fix those mistakes.
  • Cassette tapes – Even though our mistakes are recorded in Heaven, through repentance, the recording can be erased and overwritten.
  • Kleenexes – Repentance requires a broken heart and a contrite spirit, tears of godly sorrow for our sins.

Baptism

  • Legos – Baptism is a brick in the foundation of the Gospel.
  • Pencil – The eraser is like baptism in correcting our mistakes.
  • Animal shaped vitamins – The Lord baptized the earth at the great flood in Noah’s time.
  • Nails – Baptism puts the nails in the coffin of the natural man.
  • Keys – Baptism is the key that unlocks the gate to the Kingdom of God.
  • Spearmint gum – Baptism refreshes our life.

Gift of the Holy Ghost

  • Treasure box – The Holy Ghost is a great treasure.
  • Empty picture frame – This is what the Holy Ghost looks like. OR The Holy Ghost protects us from the stains of the earth like the glass protects the picture.
  • Swimming goggles – The Holy Ghost helps us to see in the murky earth existence, like goggles help us see in the chlorinated swimming pool.
  • Seashell – To hear the Holy Ghost requires that we be still, like we must be to hear the ocean in the shell.



 

Saturday, January 5, 2013

Doctrine and Covenants 2

Finish this sentence:  Because of the Atonement..." 

Answer this question: "When have you felt the power of the Atonement in your life?"   

You may want to begin class by singing together the hymn, "I Stand All Amazed." 

"[The Atonement of Jesus Christ] is the very root of Christian doctrine, You may know much about the gospel as it branches out from there, but if you only know the branches and those branches do not touch that root, if they have been cut free from that truth, there will be no life nor substance nor redemption in them" (Elder Boyd K. Packer, April 1977 General Conference).

Once a branch is cut from a tree, it no longer grows or produces fruit.  It becomes firewood.


 

"The Atonement is the central act of human history, the pivotal point in all time, the doctrine of doctrines.  Everything we do and everything we teach should somehow be anchored to the Atonement" (Tad E. Callister, The Infinite Atonement, p. ix).


"The pursuit of this doctrine requires the total person, for the Atonement of Jesus Christ is the most supernal, mind-expanding, passionate doctrine this world or universe will ever know" (Callister, 2). 

"The Atonement gives purpose and potency to every event in history.  President Gordon B. Hinckley spoke of its relationship to other events in world history:  'When all is said and done, when all of history is examined, when the deepest depths of the human mind have been explored, there is nothing so wonderful, so majestic, so tremendous as this act of grace'" (Callister, 3).


"The Prophet Joseph Smith said: '...all other things which pertain to our religion are only appendages to it'" (Teachings of the Prophet Joseph Smith, 121).

"It is indeed the keystone of Christianity and the foundation of a spiritual life.  It is the beacon light for a benighted world.  It is the foundation from which all hopes spring....The Atonement is our singular hope for a meaningful life" (Callister, 9).


"Every attempt to reflect upon the Atonement, to study it, to embrace it, to express appreciation for it, however small or feeble it may be, will kindle the fires of faith and work its miracle towards a more Christlike life.  It is an inescapable consequence of so doing" (Callister, 17).


WHAT IS THE ATONEMENT?

When we speak of the Atonement, what exactly is involved?  "It is, in short, that suffering endured, that power displayed, and that love manifested by the Savior in three principal locations, namely, the Garden of Gethsemane, the cross of Calvary, and the tomb of Arimathaea" (Callister, 23).

 Lorenzo Snow said, "It required all the power that He had and all the faith that He could summon for Him to accomplish that which the Father required of Him" (Teachings of Lorenzo Snow, 98).

"He took upon him infinite suffering, but chose to defend with only mortal faculties, with but one exception--his godhood was summoned to hold off unconsciousness and death (i.e., the twin relief mechanisms of man) that would otherwise overpower a mere mortal when he reached his threshold of pain.  For the Savior, however, there would be no such relief.  His divinity would be called upon, not to immunize him from pain, but to enlarge the receptacle that would hold it" (Callister, 119).

President Ezra Taft Benson said, "We may never understand nor comprehend in mortality how He accomplished what He did, but we must not fail to understand why he did what He did.  All that He did was prompted by His unselfish, infinite love for us" (Teachings of Ezra Taft Benson, 15).  

One of the purposes of the Doctrine and Covenants is to help us know and understand the Savior and His Atonement:

"I give unto you these sayings [specifically the writings of John the Baptist recorded in D&C 93:6-17, but generally the entire book] that you may know and understand how to worship, and know what you worship, that you may come unto the Father in my name, and in due time receive of his fulness.  For if ye keep my commandments you shall receive of his fulness, and be glorified in me as I am in the Father; therefore, I say unto you, you shall receive grace for grace" (D&C 93:19-20).

The Doctrine and Covenants is the only scripture that contains the Savior's description of the extreme difficulty of His ultimate sacrifice, D&C 19:16-19:  "For behold, I, God, have suffered these things for all, that they might not suffer if they would repent; but if they would not repent they must suffer even as I; which suffering caused myself, even God, the greatest of all, to tremble because of pain, and to bleed at every pore, and to suffer both body and spirit--and would that I might not drink the bitter cup, and shrink--Nevertheless, glory be to the Father, and I partook and finished my preparations unto the children of men." 

President Joseph F. Smith's great vision of the redemption of the dead is also found in the Doctrine and Covenants:  "And reflecting upon the great atoning sacrifice that was made by the Son of God, for the redemption of the world; and the great and wonderful love made manifest by the Father and the Son in the coming of the Redeemer into the world; that through his atonement, and by obedience to the principles of the gospel, mankind might be saved...[I saw] an innumerable company of the spirits of the just, who had been faithful in the testimony of Jesus while they lived in mortality; and who had offered sacrifice in the similitude of the great sacrifice of the Son of God, and had suffered tribulation in their Redeemer's name.  All these had departed the mortal life, firm in the hope of a glorious resurrection, through the grace of God the Father and his Only Begotten Son, Jesus Christ.  And I beheld that they were filled with joy and gladness, and were rejoicing together because the day of their deliverance was at hand" (D&C 138: 2-4, 12-15).

The Doctrine and Covenants contains over 60 names for Jesus Christ.  You may want to mark them or list them as you read through the book.  It truly testifies of Christ. There is a beautiful list of D&C scriptures that testify of different aspects of Christ's character in the Gospel Doctrine manual on p. 9.

HOW DOES THE ATONEMENT AFFECT OUR DAILY LIVES?

Here is the place to have your class members volunteer to finish the sentence on the board.  Encourage them to share personal experiences as they feel moved by the Spirit.  There should be many and varied answers, some of which may align with these shared by Elder Callister:
  • We can be resurrected
  • We can repent
  • We can have peace of mind
  • We can be succored in our challenges
  • We can be motivated
  • We can be exalted
  • We can be made free
  • We can receive grace
Because of the Atonement, "Every event, every encounter, every disaster, however despairing it may seem to the outward eye, may be met with spiritual success.  A temporal tragedy need never result in a spiritual defeat" (Callister, p. 244).

THE SCOPE OF THE ATONEMENT

Why doesn't God just hack down someone who is excessively evil and make life better for the rest of us?

There are many answers, but one is that often in His mercy, He "lengthens out their probation," to give them time to prepare to meet him, whereas those that the evil person torments or even kills are more prepared for judgment.

"Wickedness alone seldom, if ever, has been the cause of man's destruction; the greater tragedy is wickedness coupled with an unwillingness to repent" (Callister, 182).  Examples from the scriptures of extremely wicked people who eventually gained a willingness to repent are plentiful:  The people of Ninevah to whom Jonah preached, the people of Melchizedek, Alma the Elder, the Sons of Mosiah, the Anti-Nephi-Lehies, Zeezrom.  In more recent world history, the author of the lyrics to the beloved hymn "Amazing Grace," is another example of the Lord's amazing patience with sinners who still have "the embers of repentance" inside.  Listening to his story may help Latter-day Saints to realize that they can also fall within the loving embrace of the Savior's grace, even if their sins are scarlet.



John Newton was born before the Restoration, in the year 1725.  He was British, a slave buyer in Africa, and the captain of slave ships.  He became a Christian in the year 1748 at the young age of 23, after surviving a violent storm at sea.  

"Though he might have become a Christian, he did not yet allow it to interfere with his making a living...He was hardly the poster boy for the truly penitent" (Barbara Mikkelson, Snopes.com).

He didn't quit the slave trade until 1754-55, when his wife begged him to settle down.  At that point, he became a "tides surveyor," or customs officer.

By 1764, his heart had changed enough that he was ordained a priest in the Church of England.

Around 1772, with a growing awareness of his grave past sins, and in gratitude for the Atonement, he composed the hymn, "Amazing Grace."  Originally, it was set to a different tune than we sing it to today, but the words have remained unchanged.

In the year 1780, he expressed regrets about his role as a slave trader.

In 1785 he began to fight to abolish slavery, speaking out in public, and encouraging William Wilberforce to fight it from within the British Parliament.  He continued this crusade until his death in 1807, the same year in which the abolition of the slave trade in England was finally achieved, over 50 years before it was achieved in the United States, and without a civil war. 

(This was portrayed beautifully in the stirring film, "Amazing Grace," directed by Michael Apted. There are some disturbingly accurate scenes depicting the horrors of the slave ships, but overall, the movie is triumphant, stunning, and definitely enlightening, appropriate for later teens and adults.)

"Newton did eventually grow into his conversion, so that by the end of his days he actually was the godly man one would expect to have penned 'Amazing Grace.'  But it was a slow process effected over the passage of decades, not something that happened with a clap of thunder and a flash of lightning.  In Newton's case, the 'amazing grace' he wrote of might well have referred to God's unending patience with him.  Still, Newton's story gives us all hope--even the greatest of sinners can ultimately and meaningfully repent" (Barbara Mikkelson, Snopes.com  Urban Legends Reference Pages, 5 biographical sources listed at the end of the article).

In his own words, "Only God's amazing grace could and would take a rude, profane, slave-trading sailor and transform him into a child of God."  (I'm finding the quote all over the internet, but I'm getting tired of looking for the original reference.  If anyone else knows it, please post it in the comments.)

John Newton's hymn, "Amazing Grace," has been recorded over 1800 times.  You can see it sung by the Mormon Tabernacle Choir outdoors with beautiful scenery on YouTube.  Here are the complete original words:

Amazing grace, how sweet the sound
That sav'd a wretch like me!
I once was lost, but now am found,
Was blind, but now I see.

'Twas grace that taught my heart to fear,
And grace my fears reliev'd;
How precious did that grace appear, 
The hour I first believ'd!

Thro' many dangers, toils and snares,
I have already come;
'Tis grace has brought me safe thus far,
And grace will lead me home.

The Lord has promis'd good to me,
His word my hope secures;
He will my shield and portion be,
As long as life endures.

Yes, when this flesh and heart shall fail,
And mortal life shall cease;
I shall possess, within the veil,
A life of joy and peace.

The earth shall soon dissolve like snow,
The sun forbear to shine;
But God, who call'd me here below,
Will be forever mine.

A final verse was included in Harriet Beecher Stowe's novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin, which may have been written by her or taken from another hymn, but is commonly included with the hymn today:

When we've been there ten thousand years,
Bright shining as the sun,
We've no less days to sing God's praise
Than when we've first begun.

CONCLUSION

"When we more fully understand the depths to which the Savior descended, the breadth to which he reached, and the heights to which he ascended, we can more readily accept that our own sins are within the vast sphere of his conquered domain.  We then become believers, not only in the Atonement's infinite expanse, but in its intimate reach" (Callister, 197).

"[The Atonement] replaces despair with hope, darkness with light, and turmoil with peace" (Callister, 203).